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W. S. HADAWAY. In.

ELECTRIC FURNACfE. APPLICATION mso luNE 1r. |920.

1 ,410,566, Patented Mar. 2.8, 1922.

Hll

`apparatus .which ismade according tmand.

riemen? erster.

S5V JR., OF vILOCII-IELLIE, NEW YORK.

l *Ennemrc r11-nume l T0 alt-whom# mar/fromm; i y Beiit; known-that 15. S...HitpA-f come the America, and a resident Rochelle, Westchester Countyrendfe L i of,.` -Nen Yo rk, .have invented l.certa/iiil ,newY ,andt use? fulmpwwmeutsf irifletrerliermesfof which the `following 1is. am,speqiieation,` ref#- erence being had to the aceompanyingfdfreW-f ngvformineeiwflithrefe f2 f This? invention. releftesrto, impronements. in electric -furneces and especie type-0f apparatus foriobtewinehlghnimf per-aturesE atdow cost.T j u l invention. is to; provideaqsirnlple rp for supporting comhustionwhenein. ie`. 'tem. perature o: adinittedyvqpoii' Ls-.rafised .ahye the ignition point or ,.thefiiel: ,hy ,electrical energy.. Another;.Objectfis.` to lp ij-oufide an: automatic.. .means fora controlling, theqelecy trwlfnrgr; fomh heaters ther` object fis,.ton provdemeazns. .fern admit-. ting airl to the combustio chamber-Where it may he combinedlwithft fe flapieandin-r crease theefiicieney ouip. th e,oppzrxzaiiils., Il 4 These andiother oh]ectsf Lo;E..the',nventionn willuappearzinthe' follow-ing speeicetionin whichvi I. will describe..the.;inreut;ion, .thel noveleatures-off.Wliichf-wiltbe set .-forth. in appended claims.:

Referring. to. the.zdra,.vt'.-i1g22-lv Figure` 1 fs ansectlpnalfleyahionrof.1111:

emhodiesf this4 invention...

sainey appuratus the. sectioubeing tolken on4 theiifrcguler-line-.f-SZ. of-li"`ig,.1.1 m

Figurer 3 .isai diagram.. ci certain; .elewtrifv cal. circuits which. may heuised. in. connection with thisapparatus.. -V

Like; cluuracbei's..of4 reference designate correspondingparts inalithefiguiztes of the drawing. i

10 designates an outer .casin .oireflractoi'yniateraluopemat thetopv. e surfaceof, which maarh be' covered-.witlrmetelee shown! at 11. 2O is aninnericasing oisiniilarinaterial. ,aiso open. :it .the ,top4 whichffitsovithin the outer casing! A. receptacle 30 offre fractory material also opeu..a.t.the top. fits within this inner casing it is provided with a flange 31 near its upper end which lcrucible.

60 and ,61S remains one cndp` oi the Summumof-Lefersatrit. Patented Mair. 2e, 1922;

meel, 4senti m; crests.:

fitsfailiannulargroove in the inner casing to position the-receptacle. 40 is a crucihle whichhsga-,iienge 41jurranged to rest upon antepnulenshoulder on. the4 inner surface Offll'imrinelcasing.- 42 is the Cover. ot'. this ca smgs andthe-.receptacle and. hase. dependenh-boss}13`.wliich.pro]ects into the: recep- 'taiele/s'lghtly iin .orderto position the coi-er and to .form a, tighter :closure .chamher sc thet'-they divide the chamberintoy three compartments 1 525' and 54. These yvapor; heaters` comprise porous bod;y portions in. which. are embedded electriceLheatei-,elements 56 and 57;4 practical forni of vziporhater foiy'this pui'posr` isdescribedin. detail in patent to me. #1.349.131 of August 10, 19420.H l

duced` diameter. and through ,this part cxtends transversely` a hollow dissociation -heater onglower. 32. Thiais a perforated tube preferably in, thofoi-iii of :i {ulgnrte and made of oxidesof magnesio or other material which' min`- be operated at a rlmr- .ingteniperature andnfhivhis-a conductor of electric-ity. .only when hot..-

The electrical connections arershown, in Fig, 3 in which from a suitable scuro"` of electrical energy. These are connected through a Switchl 62 with'lhe apparatus. The main() Vis connected' by a. n're G3 with heater element-57 thc other end. of which -isrOnnectedl by a Wire G4 with one endof theh'eater element 56. The other en'd'ofthe heater element 5,6 is connected with the. other' meinA by a, wire 65 through stationery contacts 66, 67'end-movable contact 68 of Ven automatic circuit breaker 69 and a wire 70.

A connection is made from an intermedi- A cover 12of refractor.r material. .1s arrengegbto1 rest .upon the topl of. the. tiro4 innercasing is connected witlrthe upper' part of the spiral groove 21 byradial passages 25. Radial passages 33 4through the receptacle connect groove 24 with thespace Within the receptacleabove the material 34: therein which is a combustible such as coke.

The operation of this apparatus fis as follows:v *Y

Low pressure steam is admitted to the inlet 14 tothe compartment 52 {This steam passes throughthe vapor heater 50 to the compartment 53 and in doingthis 'its'telnperature is raised. This'heated' vapor then passes throughthe vapor heater ll'jinto. compartment 54' which 'further raises its temperature. This heated vapor thenl has access to and through the dissociation heater 32. YThis high temperature escapes into the .receptacle through the perforations of rthe-tube 3 2; and

at the same time heatstheftube suiiicientl iii ity at ordinary temperatures but a conductor to make it a conductor of electricity Whic heats the tube to a glowing .tempi-) Ilature. This temperature of the` glofwin hydrogen and oxygen, which are united by combustion and cause the coke 34 to burn to f e increase the temperature within the receptacle and around the'cruciblethus producing an intense heat. rPhe dissociation ofthe vapor takes up heat andserves as an aut`omatic 4means for preventing an indefinite increase in the temperature of the tube 32.

When the valve 23 is open, air. will be admitted to the receptacle and into fthe flame which will unite with the burningf gases and further increase their tclnperatrue. Tn doing this the air will circulate in the spiral groove 2l Where it will become pre-heated to a certain extent and will at the same time increase the heat insulating effect of the casings 10 and 20.

While in the structure shown` there are two vapor heaters and a dissociation heater this invention is not restricted to any specific number or arrangements of the units and a single vapor heater may be used or any desired number of them.

When the dissociation heater is energized its temperature rises to a high point and permits a. comparatively large current to pass through it. iThen this current exceeds a predetermined value it will energize the asses into thefrecepta'cle' 30 tube is sufficiently high to dissociate, t e vapor, breaking it up into its contingent elementsf coil 73 of the automatic circuit breaker and open the latter, thus cutting olf the electrical supply from the heater unit 56 and a part of the heater unit 57. A suliicient amount of electrical current will continue to pass throu l1 the remainder of the heater unit 5T and the dissociation heater 32 to conti nue the operation of the device.

The foregoing description is suflicient (o showone of the Ways in which this invention may be used. The invention itself upon which tliis'fapplication is based is however` broader than the specic embodiment thereof which has been shown and described, and I thereforeintend no limitations other than those iin'posed'by' the appended claims.

What claim isf:

l. An electric furnace comprising a fuel combustion chamber,` an electrical glowcr therein, and.nieans for passin a vapor throu h said glower into fuel in t ic combustion cm.mber.`

2. An' electric furnace comprising a fuel combustion chambery: an electrical glowcr therein, and Errieaiis for passing a vapor `through saidfglo'wer into fuel in the combustion chamber; said glower being arranged to raise the temperature of the vapor to a pointabove the ignition point of the fuel.

3. An electric furnace comprising a fuel combustion chambera an electrical glorver therein which is a nonconductor of electricwhen hot, meansfor supplying electrical energy to'the'glower, and means for passing liotvapor throughl said glower into fuel in the combustion chamber.

4. An'elc'ctricj furnace comprising a fuel 'combustion chamber, 'an electrical gloiver therein Which'is anon-conductor of electricity atoi'dinar'y temperatures but a conductor w en het, meansV for supplying electrical energy to the glower, and means forepaslsingir hot vapor throughjsaid glower into fuel in the combustion chanibehsaid glowcr being initially energized by the combined effect of the electrical energy and the hot vapor.

5. An electric furnace comprising a fuel combustion chamber, an electrical glower therein which is a non-conductor of electricity at ordinary temperatures but a conductor iv en hot. means for supplying electrical energy to the glower, means for passing hot vapor through said glower into fuel in the combustion chamber` said gloiver being initially energized by thc Combined effect of the electrical energy and the hot vapor, and means for automaticallv controlling the electric current passingf through the glower.

6. Anelectric. furnace comprising a fuel combustion chamber. a glo'wer tubetherein which is a non-conductor ofv electricity at ordinary temperatures but a conductor when hot. means for supplying hot vapor to the fuel through said tube and means for sup lllt till

r-,Lmmdee 8 ity at ordinary temperatures but a conductor.

when hot, means for supplying electrical energy to the glower, and means for admitting' air to the combustion chamber.

El. .\n electric furnace comprisingl a fuel combustion chamber, an electrical glower therein which is a non-conductor of elec.- tricitj at ordinary temperatures but a conductor when hot, means for supplying electrical encrg)y to thc glower` means for passing hot rapouthrough said glower into fuel in the combustion chamber, said` glower beingr initially' energi'fiedby the combined effect of the electrical energy and the hot vapor, and means for admitting air to the combustion chamber.

'10. An electric furnace comprising a fuel combustion chamber. a glower tube therein irhich a non-conductor of electricity at ordinari1 temperatures but a conductor when hot. means for supplying hot vapor to the fuel through said tube. and means for admitting air to the combustion chamber.

ll. An electric furnace comprising an electric vapor heater, a combustion chamber and a gloncr in the combustion chamber which is a non-conductor of electricity at ordinary temperatures but a conductor when hot. means for passing a vapor through the vapor heater and the glower into fuel in thc combustion chamber.

152. An electric furnace comprising a heat insulating casing constructed to form a chamber. a porous vapor heater dividing the chamber into compartments. a combustion chamber within the casing, a glowcr in the combustion chamber, and means for passing a vapor through the vapor heater and through the glower into fucl in the combustion chamber.

lil. An electric furnace comprising a heat insulating casing constructed to form a chamber, a plurality of porous vapor heaters dividing the chamber into compartments` a combustion chamber within the casing. a glowcr in the combustion chamber, and means For passing a vapor successively through the vapor heaters and the glower and into fuel in the combustion chamber.

14. An electric furnace comprising a heat insulating casingconstructed to form a chamber` a porous partition dividing the chamber into compartments, electric heating elements in said partition` a combustion chamber in thc casing. a gloiver in the combustion chamber, and means for passing a vapor through the partition 4and through the glowcr into fuel in the combustion chamber.

15,'"An 'electric furnace comprising a heat insulating casing constructed to form a chamber, a. plurality' of porous partitions dividing 'the chamber' into compartments1 electric heating elements in said partitions, a combustion chamber in the casing, a glower in the combustion chamber7 and means for introducing a vapor directly into one of thc compartments and through the partitions into the others whereby its temperature is raised in succesive stages, and then through the glower into fuel in the combustion chamber.

1G. An electric furnace comprisinga heat insulating casing constructed to form a chamber, a plurality of porous partitions dividing the chamber into compartments, electric heating elements in said partitions, a combustion chamber in the casing, a gloirer in the combustion chamber which is a nonconductor of electricity at ordinary temperatures but a conductor when hot, means for introducing a vapor directly into one of thc compartments and through the partitions into the others whereby its temperature is raised in successive stages and then through the glower into fuel in the combustion chamber, and a control circuit for the heating elements, said circuit including the glower.

17. An electric furnace comprising a heat insulating casing constructed to form a chamber, a porous vapor heater dividing the chamber into compartments, a combustion chamber Within the casing, a glower in the combustion chamber, and means for admitting air to the combustion chamber.

1S. An electric furnace comprising a heat insulating casing constructed to form a chamber, a. plurality of porous partitions dividing the chamber into compartments. electric heating elements in. said partitions7 a combustion chamber in the casing, a glowcr in the combustion chamber which is a nonconductor of electricity at ordinary temperatures but a conductor when hot means for introducing a vapor directly into one of thc. compartments and through thc partitions into the others whereby its temperatures is raised in successive stages and then through the gloirer into fuel in the combustion chamber, and means for admitting air to the combustion chamber.

19. An electric furnace comprising an outer casing and an inner casing, said casiugs having adjacent surfaces at least onc of which is grooved to form a passage. and the inner casing being constructed to form a chamber, a combustion chamber within said chamber` means for heating a vapor and discharging it into the combustion chamber. and means for conducting a vapor from said passage into the combustion chamber.

20. An electric furnace comprisingr an unter cnr-.ing und :in inner casing, Suid cusings l'nu'ing adjacent, surfaces at least one of'whc'h is provided with a. spiral groove to for-n;- zi passage, a. combustion chamber within said inner casing, means for heating a. vapor :and discharging it; into the combus- Lion chamber, :i vapor inlet connected with the lower part of said spiral groove, nud conduits through the inner casing :ind through the receptacle connected with the 10 up er part of the spiral groove.

'n Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 16 day of June, 1920.

WILLIAM S. HADAVVAY, Jn. 

